Analysis and Future Considerations on Increasing Chinese Travelers and International Travel &　Human　Logistics　Market ⑩

Ⅸ Future direction of human flows and sightseeing in Japan
1 Japanese reasons for less travel abroad – income, consciousness, VFR ~
 
The Japanese passport holding rate is decreasing (Table 9-1). The reason that the difference in the passport holding ratio between the area of ​​low departure rate and the area of ​​high passport is not as large as the difference of departure rate seems to be that there are many repeaters in Tokyo etc. According to the “Survey on overseas trips” conducted by the Japan Travel Agency Association (for men and women aged 15 to 39), the reason for not traveling abroad is “Travel fee is too high”, “Procedures are troublesome” is over 70% there were. However, the reason that “I do not know what value worth going to overseas is for me” was the result that the percentage of inexperienced people and those who experienced only once was the highest.
To tell the truth, Japanese people do not travel domestically, not to foreign tourists. Especially because it did not thoroughly improve freeways freedom and cost reduction. There are opinions that Japan has abundant domestic tourism resources, but domestic travel is also more active in mainland China as well as in Korea and Taiwan. Comparing the number of domestic guests per citizen, the Japanese is 3.4 nights. It is impossible to compare with 13-15 nights Buddhists and Westerners, but Belgium below Japan also analyzes the details, which means that overseas lodging days are 7.7 nights and Japanese will not travel domestic lodging . In addition, not only overseas travel but also domestic travel are not very active among Japanese, even in comparison with the Far East including China mainland. Japan exceeds domestic travel expenditure in Korea and Taiwan, but it is small in terms of staying days and trips (Table 2-24, Table 2-27). On the other hand, rich Far East countries have begun to travel without sticking to the concept of border. Under the awareness of international travel to extend domestic travel, the actions taken by travelers in Taiwan and Korea are familiar to travelers. It is clear from the analysis result of Hawaii et al. In this article that it exceeds the Japanese.
In addition to economically lacking affordability, one of the reasons why Japanese do not travel domestically is that there are consequences of the fact that Japanese tourist spots are the same no matter where they go I think. Kurobe alpine route developer, Saeki Muneyoshi, sightseeing is “demonstrate the individuality of the region”, opposed to the centralized rule of the Basic Law of Tourism. But even without the centralized provision, the area competed and simulated by imitating success stories. It was enough in a near sightseeing spot.
2 Features of each country traveler viewed from the characteristics of visitors to Japan
For travel purposes, in addition to work and entertainment, there are friends / relatives visiting purpose (VFR). As with the West European countries, we have analyzed that the VFR ratio for Asian countries is also high for travel purposes (Table 9-2). Japan is rather low. The reason is that there are few Nikkei who permanently live abroad and few immigrants accepted to Japanese society. VFR is the result, not due to tourism policy. There may be something in common with something that there are few immigrants in Japan, that there are not many Japanese travel abroad, and that Japanese are said to be unable to speak English. New York, many visitors from abroad, still accepts many immigrants today (Table 9-3). The result leads to an increase in visitors who visit relatives and acquaintances.
 
  
If the number of travelers in the short hole increases, it is inevitable that the tendency to shorten the stay length of the average value occurs due to aging (Table 9-4). Especially when there are many familiar visitors. On the contrary it would be inevitable worldwide for long-stay travelers to stay longer for a longer period of time. In the case of Philippine residents, the purpose for traveling was higher than sightseeing, but it would be shortened if the gravity of tourism objectives increased.
 
The daily travel expenditure of visiting customers, including accommodation expenses, was about 20,000 to 30,000 yen around 2012, and Hong Kong with high income was at the level of 35,000 yen. The daily expenditure of mainland China, Taiwan, Hong Kong has risen to the 40 thousand yen (income in dollar denomination is changed) after entering the depreciation of yen thereafter. Especially in the case of mainland China, it is nearly 50,000 yen, and the phrase “bomb buying” started to appear more frequently from around spring 2015. In Hong Kong, BBC etc. have reported that protest action is taking place on parallel trading which is one of the phenomenon of explosion, but in Japan where consumption is generally depressed there are many favorable ways to catch up.
   
The consumption of Chinese mainland residents during the visit to Japan is 284,000 yen on average, 50,000 for accommodation and 161,000 for shopping (Table 9-5). According to the survey of Tokyo Metropolitan Government, average 230 thousand visiting during the visit, 30 thousand staying and consuming 160 thousand yen for shopping (Table 9 – 6). It is 17 thousand yen in accommodation in Kyoto city and 50 thousand yen in shopping (Table 9 – 7), so that the mainland residents of China are going to shop a lot in Tokyo. Conversely, Taiwanese people are conscious of shopping in Tokyo and consume more expenses than the mainland residents of China as a result of consuming other expenses including the admission fee etc. in Kyoto city. On the other hand, residents of Korea and Taiwan nationwide show economic and familiar consumption behavior. Koreans travel in Japan like Kyoto with the same sense as domestic travel. According to the survey results, the weight of expenses for accommodation expenditure is higher in Westerners compared to Asians including Japanese, and the same trend is seen in Hawaii and others.
 
3 Tokyo fighting against New York, London, Paris
The CNN news declared the world’s foremost of the number of tourists and the deputy mayor of Paris said that the allegation that deputy Mayor of Paris “people in London may have gathered around the Olympics, but touching the world’s best is contrary to the fact” became. Even now it can be understood from the data produced by Paris City that London is taken up as a comparative material comparing the number of visitors and stuck to the area comparison of urban areas (Greater Paris is 48% of Greater London (1572 km 2)). It is an era that competes the attraction of the city by the number of visitors, but in fact it was Ishihara Governor who was aware of this early. Before Prime Minister Koizumi’s declaration of tourism, he emphasized the importance of urban tourism policy. At the Tokyo Metropolitan Assembly in June 1999, we appealed to strengthen the attractiveness of Tokyo, based on the recognition that the number of visits by foreigners is low in comparison with the major cities in the world. Promoted the repair of the Tokyo station Marunouchi station building and promoted non-power pillarization in the prefecture, “speaking of a landmark which does not seem to be in Tokyo … Edo castle … … if possible,” said in parliament. As seen in this Edogashi controversy, the world’s big cities have landmarks. I think Tokyo landmarks are applicable to the Imperial Palace (including Nifoches), but it is not a National Treasure nor a World Heritage Site. It is an imperial property, because the authority of the Agency for Cultural Affairs and UNESCO is unnecessary.
 
Tourist resources with attracting power are concentrated in Tokyo with concentration of high income earners. The national treasures and important cultural assets concentrated in Tokyo (Table 9-8), and the degree is progressing. Kyoto is such that buildings that can not move do not decrease. Concentration of box office income has already been recognized from the time of introduction of wartime taxation, and entrance tax concession tax law was enacted. It is now distributed to the municipalities of the consumption area as local consumption tax. Entertainment expenses that appear with foreign statistics are consumed in London, Paris, New York where museums and musicals are concentrated (Table 9-9 Broadway).
In the world’s show windows, Paris, New York, the reversal has started as a mainland Chinese resident and a Japanese traveler. As seen in Table 9-10, the number of visitors was reversed, while Japanese were also large purchasers compared to Westerners in terms of shopping value, the difference in the mainland residents of China has been greatly different There.
Governor Ishihara considered rivalry in London and Paris, but from now on it will be compared with Seoul and Beijing (Table 9-10). While the IR law was enacted, China’s superiority in finance and economy has increased, and it is questionable to what extent can superiority be secured with policies bearing foreign visitors in mind.
 
    
London visitors are decreasing in the Olympic year (Table 9-11 shaded part). The average number of accommodations in Paris is shorter than two days and London’s shorter than six days is probably due to the large number of visitors from surrounding continental countries (Table 9-12).

4 Kyoto and Venice ~ Compare tourist spots of 3 million foreign guests ~

The number of foreign visitors to Kyoto exceeds 3 million, and it is approaching 3.7 million Venice. Depending on the visits of Chinese residents, I came to overtake them anytime (Table 9-16). However, analysis as to whether it can receive the same evaluation as “the ancient capital of a thousand years” is required (Table 9-17).
In 1930, the international tourism policy began with the development of international tourism facilities to attract foreign guests, but it gradually began to focus on the improvement of facilities for Japanese tourists by attracting foreign guests gradually ( Inner main, subordinate). In the course of the hotel becoming universal for Westerners for foreign guests, the hotel mainly consists of Western style facilities for tourists lost tourism resources for foreigners.
Although the Kyoto international cultural tourism city construction law was enacted for attracting foreign guests after the war, Tadao Umezoko criticizes as cultural and tourism contradictory concept. It may be reconsidered under the trend of unlawfully meeting sightseeing as it is today.
 
In Kyoto city, the number of guests reached 1362 million people, day guests became 43.22 million people, consumption amount reached 970.4 billion yen in FY27. Among them, the number of foreign guests surprisingly increased to 3.16 million. However, domestic tourists, accounting for 86%, are still central cities. It remains internal and external obedience before the war. Meanwhile, visitors to Venice, the capital of Millennium, have been kept mainstream as foreign nationals both in name and name (Table 9-17).
There are local estimates that tourism contributes 8 to 10% of GDP and employment, but on the contrary, other things such as manufacturing industry are overwhelmingly large. Millions of cities Kyoto is also overwhelmingly engaged in other than tourism industry, it is necessary to maintain urban functions for that person. There are universities in Kyoto, there are high-tech industries, but these can also be located in other areas. It may be necessary to discuss city size when considering Kyoto as a tourist city. In other words, it seems that they chased two heads as a modern city.
 
Although Kyoto accidentally escaped the war damage, it was pointed out by Alex Cars that he had destroyed the cityscape with his own hands. In Venice the World Heritage Site is also registered in the town, but in Kyoto it is impossible to maintain the status quo of the town, and urban residents can not live. Therefore, facilities that are points, not surfaces, have been registered.
 
There is also a difference in attitudes towards the increase of tourists in both cities. In Venice there are reports of the presence of residents claiming cruise ship calls and increasing entry limits for tourists. In Kyoto City, Saihoji Temple was a “Sightseeing Temple” (Expression of Saikoji Temple) that anyone can visit once, but since 1977 it has adopted the pre-subscription system and now it collects the admission fee of 3000 yen ing. But it is a very rare example. In Kyoto city there were a lot of religious facilities with tax free property tax, so in order to compensate for the shortage of resources, cultural tourism facility tax etc was implemented, but when 1985 “ancient city preservation cooperation tax” was transferred to the administration, administration And conflicts of religious groups expanded and eventually disappeared. In Venice we have introduced accommodation tax from 2011. The era has changed, and even in Kyoto City, the Chamber of Commerce and Industry is requesting accommodation tax.

5 Hokkaido – lack of competitive awareness with Australia, where the season is reversed ~

(1) Policies for attracting foreign guests and income policies

The shocking income disparity stands out first (Table 7-3). In the past Hokkaido has been recognized as forming a regional economic society of a size equivalent to a European country such as Finland, Ireland and so on. However, the per capita nominal GDP per capita in Iceland, Ireland and Alaska, which are the same cold regions, is more than twice that of Hokkaido, and there is also a difference of more than two digits in the departure rate. Among them, Alaska is abundant in resources, indicating nearly three times the richness of Hokkaido.
 
Hokkaido also emphasized the recognition that the number of foreign guests is small so far, it was assumed to be 1.1 million (2012) in the “Plan of making action on Hokkaido sightseeing”. However, Hokkaido ‘s extraterritorial visitor number was nearly the same as 7.0 million foreign visitors who visited Belgium in FY2007, reaching 6.49 million people. Today, there are more than 7.22 million passengers (Table 10-1) and more guests, with 1.6 million foreign visitors, mainly visitors from mainland China, Taiwan, Hong Kong, with 1.5 million (Table 10-2) Well, it is the income of the citizen who is rather inferior. In the 20% appreciation of the yen, it will be as good as Finland, but it will not be as good as Iceland or Alaska.
The distance between Haneda and Sapporo, which holds the leading tourism market for Hokkaido, is about 870 km, and between Sapporo and Hakata is 1820 km. Since the distance from Berlin, the leading tourism market for European countries, to Copenhagen is 350 km, Vienna is 500 km, London to 900 km, Madrid is 1850 km, Hokkaido is not just a slogan but economic policy As measures to focus on attracting international tourists, verification including cost-effectiveness analysis is necessary if carrying out as. Hawaii, Guam and others are conducting promotional activities by analyzing the districts of Japan by Kanto, Chukyo and the regions.
 
(2) Winter Sports and Winter Olympics

The winter Olympic Games, which began in 1924 in Chamonix in France, was scheduled to be held in Sapporo in 1940, but was canceled along with the visionary Tokyo Olympic Games. Although the Sapporo Olympic Games were held in 1972, the Nagano Olympic Games in 1998 was the peak of winter sports in Japan.
According to “the present situation of the snow resort area” created by the Tourism Agency in 2015, the ski population has decreased to 7.7 million people, which is over 40% of the peak hour (1998), sales of ski and other related goods peak 1991), transportation personnel and transportation income of special cableways (although not limited to ski etc.) also decreased to 30% of peak time (1991).
  In the case of
The ski population in Europe and the US where many lovers are affluent in the rich are not drastically decreasing. There are 463 ski resorts in the United States, more than 54 million skiers are pushing (Table 10-3), and the unit cost of consumption is rising (Table 10-4). British Columbia’s Whistler Blackcomb has continued to invest in the occasion of failing to attract the 1968 Olympic Games and succeeded the 2010 Vancouver Olympic Games (25 countries in 82 countries), making it the world’s largest ski resort.
 
Skiing is a long-term trip that is individual customer-centric as seen in Australia (Table 3-14). For this reason, it is generally done by wealthy people. Even though there are approximately 50,000 Australian residents visiting Hokkaido annually, the average 3 nights and the number of staying days are unusually short as international standards (Table 10-5), besides the advantage of the reversed season, ski resort There is something lacking in competitiveness as.
As skiing depends on natural conditions, the ski resort in the world is a customer, so we have a system to report snow accumulation information on the net. Of course, it is also possible to seasonally eliminate in the Southern Hemisphere and Northern Hemisphere. More than 30,000 foreign skiers in Australia ‘s ski resort will stay 4 million nights (Table 3-16). Except for the UK and New Zealand, it is a skipper of wealthy Asia in India, Malaysia, Thailand, Singapore and others, with China being the lead.
 
Pyeongchang in 2018 and Winter Olympics in Beijing will be held in Mainland China, which occupies the Taejong of the visiting foreign visitors, but comfort women and Nanjing massacres are all talked about in Japan, the winter Olympics It is not a topic. I will not take up the mass communication either. It should be an important marketing opportunity for Japanese ski resorts to the skiers of Korean and mainland Chinese who are potential visitors. If the wealthy people of China and ASEAN countries increase, the sense of crisis that aims for Australia, which is opposite to Hokkaido where the season is the same, may not be available to Japanese who have stopped traveling abroad.
In addition, among Hokkaido as a whole, it can be inferred that it is a skiing person because the second-term concentration rate of Australian resident is higher than others (Table 10-5). Although the average number of days stayed in Kutchan also tended to shorten, it is slightly longer than 4 days and is longer than the others (Table 10-6). As it is a ski resort, as a matter of course, concentrating in the second half is a matter of course, the number of staying days has been shortened. It is the result of Japanese customers coming to visit shorter term than Australian customers.

6 Okinawa – Will it be a base for sightseeing in the Far East?

As of 2017, Hawaii and Okinawa have the same population of about 1.4 million people. 2015 visitors from outside the island did not differ greatly from 7.8 million people and 8.5 million visitors respectively. Nevertheless, the nominal GDP per capita remains largely different (Table 10-7). Actually Hawaii had no change in GDP from 1991 to 1998, but it increased thereafter. Okinawa remains unchanged longer than that, and it is overtaken by large cities in the Pearl River Delta (Table 2-10).
 
 
On the other hand, the common point between Okinawa and Guam is that it is a key point of transportation. In terms of military demand, US military bases are concentrated and occupy a high proportion of the economy, but at the same time it can be a base for sightseeing. As analyzed in the Caribbean, the air passenger advantageous area is more economically advantageous than the cruise dominated area. Since Okinawa is a key point of air traffic, it is also a key point of human flows and also has an advantage of being a tourist destination. Army-related ratios and tourism ratios are increasing for the relocation ratio to overseas fiscal budget (Table 10-8). In addition, Hawai’i military relations are the place of employment and industry next to sightseeing.
About 7,800,000 foreign islanders in Okinawa are about the same as Hokkaido and about 1.7 million foreign guests are a little less than Hokkaido (Table 10-9). Although the number of staying days tends to shorten, it is longer than the national average of 1.9 nights (Table 10-10). However, it does not reach the average staying days of Hawaii 9.12 days. Although the consumption unit price is more than 76,000 yen for each visitor (Table 10-11) and 45,000 yen for Japanese guests visiting Kyoto (Table 9-8), the Hawaiian visitor’s 210,000 yen (Table 7 -4) is affected by the number of days stayed (even in Hawaii, the average consumption per person is 1.91 dollars on average). Whether the increase in the number of visitors from the Far East can be brought close to the consumption structure similar to Hawaii is a future task (Table 10-12).